Known ethiology: dust, drugs, poisons, radiation, infectious agents, secondary to pulmonary edema and chronic uraemia.
Unknown ethiology: Sarcoidosis, amyloidosis
Pathophysiology
Regardless the cause, after the initial pulmonary paremchyma injury it occurs a accumulation of inflammatory and immune cells, that origin an alveolitis that can progress for the pulmonary acid destruction, pulmonary fibrosis and the cystic cavity formation. These events can origin capillary evolvement, pulmonary hypertension and finally right cardiac insufficiency (cor pulmonale).
Clinical manifestations
Dyspnoea
Pain
Discomfort
Hemoptysis (diffuse alveolar bleeding)
Quick and superficial breathing (due to a major resistance for lack of elasticity)
por perda de elasticidade)
Increased dead space
Increased work by the respiratory muscles
Respiratory insuffciency: Increased oxygen
CO2 pressure increased or normal
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